Jantar Mantar: A Well-known UNESCO World Heritage Site

Located in Jaipur, Jantar Mantar (the UNESCO World Heritage Site) is one of the biggest observatories made ever across the world. Covering an area of 18,700 square meters, the monument has been restored many times with original materials. Featuring the largest sundial of the world, the monument is a unique combination of science, art, and religion. It is a reminder of princely era testimony and royal heritage of the ‘Pink City’. The mesmerizing structure of the monument allures a horde of astronomy enthusiasts and globetrotters.

Built by Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh II in 1734, the name ‘Jantar Mantar’ got derived from Sanskrit words ‘Yantra’ and ‘Mantra’. The term ‘Yantra’ stands for ‘instruments’ and ‘Mantra’ stands for ‘formula’. Later, the term ‘Jantar’ (means magical) replaced ‘Yantra’. The monument houses numerous astrological and architectural instruments that captures the interest of astronomers, architects and historians all over the world.

The founder of Jantar Mantar, Maharaja Jai Singh II was an avid astrologer and great scholar of subjects like astrology, religion, philosophy, and architecture. In addition, he was also versed with mathematical concepts, including Ptolemy’s Syntaxes, Aryabhata Master Works, and Euclid’s Clements. He has studied the astronomy subject in order to build five observatories in North India.

For astronomy observations, Maharaja Jai Singh II sit along with scholar astronomers, namely Pt. Kedarnath. Being the largest conservatory in India, Jantar Mantar in Jaipur is renovated from time to time. The monument houses different instruments that provide time measurement, sun declination, constellations positions, azimuth, and other astronomical phenomena. Functional from the last seven years, Jaipur observatory is unsuccessful in acquiring accurate astronomical observations.

The observatory of Jantar Mantar contains 19 geometric devices that measures time, observe orbits around sun, and track constellations. Some of the renowned structures in Jantar Mantar include ‘Hindu Chhatri’, ‘Jai Prakash Yantra’, ‘Samrat Yantra’ (biggest sundial of the world), ‘Rasivalaya’, ‘Chakra Yantra’, ‘Rama Yantra’, ‘Yantra Raj’, ‘Nadivalaya’, ‘Digamsa’ and other astronomical devices in order to analyze the universe.

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